# j-james/math

All my math notes, now in Markdown.

View the Project on GitHub j-james/math

# Classification and Rotation of Conics

## Learning Targets

You should be able to

• Classify conics
• Find angle of rotation
• Write in its transformed form to eliminate the $xy$ term
• Graph the transformed conic

## Concepts / Definitions

### Classification of Conics

#### The graph of $Ax^2 + Cy^2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0$

If $A = C$ - circle
If $AC = 0$ - parabola
If $AC > 0$ - ellipse
If $AC < 0$ - hyperbola

#### Using the discriminant = $B^2 - 4AC$

If $B^2 - 4AC < 0$ - ellipse or circle
If $B^2 - 4AC = 0$ - parabola
If $B^2 - 4AC > 0$ - hyperbola

### Rewriting Conics in transformed form

$Ax^2 + Bxy + Cy^2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0$ can be written as $A’x’^2 + C’y’^2 + D’x’ + E’y’ + F’ = 0$ by rotating the axis through an angle $\theta$, where $$\cot{2\theta} = (\frac{A-C}{B})$$

The coefficients of the new equation are obtained by making the following substitutions.
$x = x’ \cos{\theta} - y’ \sin{\theta}$ and $y = x’ \sin{\theta} + y’ \cos{\theta}$

### Examples

#### Example 1

Classify $9x^2-6xy+y^2-7x+5y=0$, and state the angle of rotation.

#### Example 2

Rewrite the equation in standard form by rotating the axes to eliminate the $xy$ term for $5x^2-6xy+5y^2-12=0$. Then graph.

## Exercises

1. Identify the conics and find the angle of rotation.
1. $8x^2-4xy+2y^2+6=0$
2. $x^2-3y^2-y-22=0$
3. $3x^2-12xy+4y^2+x-5y=4$
2. Rewrite the equation in standard for by rotating the axes to elimate the $xy$ term. Then graph.
1. $xy=8$
2. $x^2-4xy+y^2+1=0$
3. $3x^2-2\sqrt 3 xy+y^2+2x+2\sqrt 3 y=0$
3. Using the point $P(x,y)$ and the rotation information, find the coordinates of $P$ in the rotated $x’y’$ coordinate system.
1. $P(x,y) = (-2,5),\theta =\frac \pi 4$
2. $P(x,y) = (-5,-4),\cot 2\theta = 0$
4. Using the point $P(x,y)$ and the translation information, find the coordinates of $P$ in the translated $x’y’$ coordinate system.
1. $P(x,y) = (2,3),h=-2,k=4$